Comprehension and Quiz
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/natural-disaster
Natural disasters are powerful events in nature that can cause serious damage to the environment, buildings, and even people's lives. They include events like earthquakes, cyclones, floods, tsunamis, and wildfires. Each type of natural disaster is caused by different forces in nature; for example, earthquakes happen when the Earth's crust shifts, while cyclones form over warm ocean waters and bring strong winds and rain. Although we cannot control natural disasters, understanding them helps us to prepare and stay safe. Having an emergency plan and knowing what to do in each situation can make a big difference.
Natural disasters impact communities around the world, affecting people's homes, schools, and daily lives. For example, when a flood occurs, it can damage buildings, roads, and farmland, while wildfires may destroy forests and wildlife habitats. Many scientists work to study natural disasters to help us understand them better. With this knowledge, communities can build stronger structures, set up warning systems, and create emergency plans to help people stay safe and recover faster after a disaster strikes.
Floods, cyclones, bushfires, volcanoes, and tsunamis are all natural disasters that happen due to different forces in nature. Floods occur when water rises and covers land that is usually dry. This can happen after heavy rain, when rivers overflow, or when snow melts too quickly. Cyclones are powerful storms that form over warm ocean water. When warm, moist air rises, it creates an area of low pressure, pulling in more air and creating a spinning storm with strong winds and heavy rain.
Bushfires happen in dry, hot conditions and can start when lightning strikes dry grass or leaves, or even when people accidentally start a fire. They spread quickly, especially if it is windy. Volcanoes erupt when magma, which is melted rock from inside the Earth, pushes up through the Earth's crust. This often happens when the Earth’s tectonic plates meet and move. Tsunamis, on the other hand, are large ocean waves that form when an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption causes the ocean floor to suddenly move. This creates waves that travel across the ocean and grow taller when they reach land.
Please read the paragraph above on natural disasters and how they occur, and then complete the quiz before 22 November.
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